定语从句讲解2
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定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语
定语可由以下等成分表示：
Guilin is a beautiful city.
China is a developing country;
America is a developed country.
There are thirty women teachers in our school.
His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.
The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
He is reading an article about how to learn English.
Tom is a boy who likes music very much.
（形容词）（分词）（名词）（代词）（不定式）（动名词）（介词短语）（从句） 定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以介词短语、分词为例）
例： The girl behind the tree is Kate.
The man driving too fast was drunk（喝醉的）. 定语从句
在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.
The man who was driving too fast was drunk.关系代词如何引导定语从句
普通代词与关系代词的区别
I have a sister.She works in Shanghai.
代替 sister
普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)
I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.
关系代词： （如上例who/that）
1.代替先行词; 2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;
3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 （把主句和从句连起来） The building is our school.
The building stands by the river. 关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。The building which/that stands by the river is our school.
先行词 关系词 定语从句which/that 是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词the building, 同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。 关系词判 断 步 骤 :
首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词
可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系
代词可用which或that; 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表 最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.
注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。
The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.
(主句)The woman is my mother.
(叙述客观事实 用一般现在时)
(从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday.
(句中yesterday表示过去时间)? The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.? The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)The boy who has a round face is Tom.? The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. ? The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (whom) everyone likes is kind.
(宾语) ? The woman got the job.
We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street
got the job.? The teacher will give us a talk.
We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday
will give us a talk.关系代词 1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如
介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.关系代词 3.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book .
Its cover is red.
Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .
I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.Can you find the pen?
I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which
I wrote just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? 4.which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾
语可省略,如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you
borrow books?1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big.
The room (which) I live in is very big.
The room in which I live is very big.介词+which=where/when/why关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)The room where I live is very big.?定语从句中需注意事项
有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which
1.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
This is the most interesting story ( that ) I have ever heard.
The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.
2.先行词是 something, nothing, anything等不定代词时
Here is something( that) I will tell you.3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that
I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see.
4.先行词是one of,the one, 或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时
Is it the one that you want ?
I haven’t got much that I can offer you.
5.当主句已有疑问词 who或which时，用that
Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 1. I often dream of having a house.
The house’s roof is red. 2. Harry Potter is the very book!
I am looking for the book!Rewrite the two sentences into one. 3. S.H.E is the most popular band.
The band attracts many teenagers. 4. This is my second cell phone.
It can be used as a walkman. 5. I received something useless.
I didn’t know who sent it to me. 6. A girl and her dog were reported on TV last night.
They helped to catch a thief. 注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who,不用that
1).先行词是anyone, someone, those时，关系词使用who
Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.
Is there anyone who wants to go there?
2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who
There is an old man who wants to see you.
There are many young men who are
against him. ————关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。 where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.
when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。1.The hotel wasn’t clean.
+ We stayed at the hotel.The hotel where we stayed wasn’t clean.
The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t clean.
The hotel (which) we stayed at wasn’t clean.2.I’ll never forget the day.
I joined the Party on that day.
I’ll never forget the day when I
joined the Party.
I’ll never forget the day on which
I joined the Party .(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.The scientist ? we met yesterday is very
who famous in the world.
whom
that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
? (3) He is the kind person.
I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this
film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked
who with.
whom
?
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
? 单项选择。
1. This is the job ______they laughed at.
A.which B.as C.it D.who
2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park____built about 300 years ago.
A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where
3. Who was the grey-haired man ______at yesterday’s meeting?
A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen
4. The man ______is painting the house is my uncle.
A.he B.whom C.whose D.who
5. What is the animal ______baby is sleeping in its pocket?
A.who B.whose C.its D.whichACBDB6. This book is for the students ______mother language isn’t English.
A.that B.of whom C.whose D.who’s
7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!I’ll shoot anyone ______moves!”
A.whom B.that C.who D.whose
8.The dictionary_____he paid 50 yuan for is very useful.
A.which B.for which 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 D. what
BDA定语从句练习32. The only question _____ is to find our way home.
A. that mattered B. that matters
C. which mattered D. matter
33. In the dark street, there was n’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
34. The farmers used wood to build a house _____ grain can be stored.
A. with which B. where C. in that D. which
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定语从句讲解2由用户“cds_17”分享发布，转载请注明出处- 高一英语语法总结
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