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考点04语法填空——2020届高三《新题速递·英语》
（1）2020届**_*（XX、XX、XX)高三下学期第二次联考
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
In the early years of the Qing Dynasty. Nanhu Lake was a scenic wonderland in Yunnan Province.
In order to get an41. (office) rank, a scholar named Yang studied hard on an island in the middle of the lake. with one stone bridge linked怕the bank. His wide sent42. (meal) to him every day. She usually made chicken soup with some rice noodle, met and vegetables. Because of the great distance. when she get there, the food43. (become) cold and unappetizing.
One day, she cooked the food in a heated earthen pot. And she was so surprised44. (find) that the food was will hot when she got to the island. After45. careful study, she found two secrets; there was thick chicken oil on the surface of the soup and the earthen pot did not46. (ready) conduct heat. As a result, the heat of the soup47. (preserve) well.
Since then, the scholar became48. (healthy) and more hardworking. Finally he succeeded in a government ??. He treated his fellow scholars49. the nice noodles with chicken soup. They praised it repeatedly and asked50. the splendid meal was. Thinking of he stone bridge she crossed every day, the wife blurted out (脱口而出) "crossing-over bridge rice noodles".
【答案】
41. official
42. meals
43. had become
44. to find
45. a
46. readily
47. was preserved
48. healthier
49. to
50. what
【文章大意】这是一个古代故事。文章讲述了“过桥米粉”的来历。
41. 考查形容词。此处rank是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词office是名词，其形容词是official，故填official。
42. 考查名词复数。句意：他每天给他送饭。不止“一顿饭”，所以用名词复数，故填meals。
43. 考查过去完成时态。句意：当她到达那里时，食物已经变冷，令人倒胃口了。When引导的从句的动作是过去，而主句的动作更靠前，所以要用过去完成时态。故填had become。
44. 考查动词不定式作原因状语。句意：当她到达岛上时，她惊讶地发现食物是热的。固定搭配：be surprised to do sth.“感到惊讶地做某事”。此处是动词不定式做原因状语。故填to find。
45. 考查不定冠词。句意：经过仔细研究，她发现了两个秘密;汤的表面有一层厚厚的鸡油，瓦罐不容易传热。此处study是可数名词，意思是“研究”，因为study是单数，表示“一次研究”，结合句意可知填a。
46. 考查副词。句意：经过仔细研究，她发现了两个秘密;汤的表面有一层厚厚的鸡油，瓦罐不容易传热。此处conduct是动词，由副词修饰，故填readily。
47. 考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：结果，汤的热度保存得很好。此处句子主语是heat ，单数第三人称形式，和preserve之间是被动关系，且这里指过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态。故填was preserved。
48. 考查比较级。句意：从那时起，这位学者变得更加健康，更加勤奋。根据后面的more hardworking可知，与之并列的应该是比较级。故填healthier。
49. 考查介词。句意：他请同学们吃了美味的鸡汤面。固定搭配：treat…to…“用……款待”。故填to。
50. 考查宾语从句。句意：他们不断地赞美它，并问这顿美餐是什么。此处ask后面是宾语从句，且从句缺少表语，所以只有what能其双重作用。故填what。
（2）2020届**_*高三第二次适应性测试
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am majoring in international relations and my research is focusing on education programs 41. (support) by the Australian government. The Australian Government sponsors a number of programs as these programs 42. (think) to build relationships and understanding between the peoples of Australia and China. I find it so interesting to talk with Australian students currently 43. (study) in China and Chinese students 44. have returned to China after graduating from universities in Australia. I'm glad to find out these programs 45. (affect) them and their future career (职业) greatly since the programs started. I came to China to interview students of these programs to find out more about their in-country experiences. I am 46. strong believer in education as a tool for breaking down negative stereotypes (固化思维) and building bridges between different nations. China is an 47. (extreme) important relationship for Australia’s economic future, yet we have very different cultural and political systems. There is no more important time 48. right now for Australians to build an understanding of working and living in China. I came to Beijing just under two years ago to work with 49. (research) at Peking University. For me, I could not resist this opportunity 50. (experience) a day in the life of a Chinese employee and learn so much about Chinese culture.
【答案】
41. supported
42. are thought
43. studying
44. who/that
45. have affected
46. a
47. extremely
48. than
49. researchers
50. to experience
【解析】
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者专业是国际关系，研究方向是澳大利亚政府支持的教育项目。作者来到中国，目的是为了采访这些项目的学生，了解他们在中国的经历。同时，作者也能在中国了解中国工作，生活和文化。
41. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我的专业是国际关系，我的研究方向是澳大利亚政府支持的教育项目。根据谓语动词is focusing on可知此处要用非谓语动词，且education programs与support之间是被动关系，可知此处要用过去分词形式。故填supported。
42. 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：澳大利亚政府资助了一些项目，因为这些项目被认为体现出了澳中两国人名之间的关系和彼此的理解。此处是由as引导的原因状语从句，由主句谓语动词sponsors可知此处的时态是一般现在时；由主语these programs与think之间是被动关系，因此要用其被动语态。故填are thought。
43. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现和目前在中国学习的澳大利亚学生以及从澳大利亚大学毕业后回国的中国学生交谈很有趣。根据it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to talk with Australian students，且由currently 可知此处要用现在分词形式修饰Australian students，表示正在进行。故填studying。
44. 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：我发现和目前在中国学习的澳大利亚学生以及从澳大利亚大学毕业后回国的中国学生交谈很有趣。分析句子成分可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词是Chinese students，指人，根据定语从句中的谓语动词have returned to可知此处要用关系代词who/that，充当主语。故填who/that。
45. 考查动词的时态。句意：我很高兴地发现，自从项目开始以来，这些项目对他们和他们未来的职业产生了很大的影响。根据since the programs started可知此处时态要用现在完成时，且主语是these programs。故填have affected。
46. 考查冠词。句意：我坚信教育是打破消极刻板印象、在不同国家之间建立桥梁的工具。根据believer可知此处要用冠词修饰名词，表示“一个”，且由形容词strong是以辅音因素开头的，因此要用冠词a。故填a。
47. 考查副词。句意：中国是澳大利亚经济未来极为重要的关系，但我们的文化政.和治制度却截然不同。根据形容词important可知此处要用副词修饰形容词。故填extremely。
48. 考查连词。句意：对于澳大利亚人来说，现在是了解在中国工作和生活的最重要的时刻。根据There is no more important time可知此处要用表示比较的连词than。故填than。
49. 考查名词的复数。句意：不到两年前，我来到XX，与XX大学的研究人员一起工作。根据to work with 和at Peking University可知此处要用名词的复数形式。故填researchers。
50. 考查动词不定式。句意：对我来说，我无法抗拒这个机会去体验一个中国员工的一天，去了解中国文化。此处要用不定式作opportunity的后置定语。故填to experience。
（3）2020届**_*高三第一次模拟考试
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We always think it’s OK for us to leave our plants unattended during our vacation,but a recent study has led to a new 61. (discover).
Some scientists tested tobacco plants and tomato plants by cutting off their stems(茎)and 62. (stop)watering them.They then recorded their response with a microphone 63. (place)ten centimeters away.
They found that the plants began to scream ultrasonic(超声波)sounds, which they believed could convey their suffering 64. other plants.When the stem of a tomato plant was cut,the scientists found that 65. screamed 25 ultrasonic sounds of suffering within an hour.The tobacco plant that had its stem cut 66. (send)out 15.
The plants also seemed to respond to different 67. (stress)with the different intensities(强度)of sound.The scientists observed that the tobacco plants let out 68. (loud)sound when they were not watered than when they had their stems cut
The study answers the question 69. plants can feel pain or not.It can change the way that we think about the plant kingdom,which has been 70. (natural)considered to be almost silent.
【答案】
61. discovery
62. stopping
63. placed
64. to
65. it
66. sent
67. stresses
68. louder
69. whether
70. naturally
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。介绍最近的一项研究新发现：研究人员通过切下烟草和番茄的茎并停止给其浇水，发现植物可以发出超声波把感受到疼痛发送给其他植物。此外，植物也对不同强度的声音会发出不同的声音。
61. 考查名词。句中lead to “引起，导致”，其中to 为介词，其后新的发现做to 的宾语，所以要用名词。故填discovery。
62. 考查动名词。句意：一些科学家通过砍掉烟草植株和西红柿植株的茎并停止给它们浇水来测试它们。句中by之后的内容做方式状语，由and可知，前后结构形式要一致。故填stopping。
63. 考查过去分词。with的复合结构为：with+宾语+补语。当补语和宾语的逻辑关系是动关系时，补语要用过去分词形式。句中microphone 和place构成了动宾关系，故填placed。
64. 考查介词。句意：他们发现这些植物开始发出超声波的声音，他们相信这些声音可以把它们的痛苦传递给其他植物。句中convey sth. to sb./sth.“把……传递给某人或某物”为固定搭配。故填to。
65. 考查代词。句意：当西红柿的茎被切断时，科学家们发现它在一小时内，它发出25声超声波的痛苦声。分析句式得知，在时间状语从句when…中，主语是the stem of a tomato plant，所以后面的宾语从句指的就是 a tomato plant会发出超声波。故填it。
66. 考查时态。句意；切断烟茎的烟草植株发出了15声（超声波的痛苦声）。本句为复合句，其中that had its stem cut为定语从句，其余部分为主句。本次实验是在过去发生，发出声音为主动发出，时态要用一般过去时。故填sent。
67. 考查名词复数。句意：这些植物似乎对不同强度的声音也有不同的反应。句中stress“压力，忧虑”为可数名词，结合前面different可知要用复数。故填stresses。
68. 考查比较级。句意：科学家们观察到，当烟草没有浇水时，它们发出的声音比剪掉茎干时要响亮。由句中than可以知道，前面要用比较级。故填louder。
69. 考查连接词。句意：这项研究回答了植物能否感知疼痛的问题。whether …or not “是否”为固定搭配。故填whether。
70. 考查副词。句中consider为动词，其前面要用副词来修饰，故填naturally。
（4）2020届XX省高三高考调研测试
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you come across an 85-year-old woman walking slowly with a walker in the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, don’t take her as a patient. Instead, she is a doctor36. still insists working in the hospital.
Sheng Jinyun, born in 1935，a famous expert in pediatric asthma（儿科哮喘），37. （treat）about 30，000 children suffering asthma so far. She is known.38. “the most beautiful grandma doctor” by others. Currently, she still sees 4039. （patient）every day. Sheng has always stuck to her post though she had two bo 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 从句，it为形式主语。结合句意可知，从句结构完整，应是陈述事实，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。
43. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：“我真的希望通过写他们的故事，我能帮助事情变得更好。”《中国日报》记者李某某说。分析可知，空后为名词stories，所填空应是形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
44. 考查冠词。句意：“我真的希望通过写他们的故事，我能帮助事情变得更好。”《中国日报》记者李某某说。结合句子“I’m helping things change for ________ better”含义可知，记者希望通过报道使事情向更好的方向发展，通常有表示原因、理由或条件的短语或从句存在时，在比较级前可用the表示程度，“by writing about _______ (they) stories”为表述其条件的短语，符合分析。故填the。
45. 考查介词。句意：实际上，媒体就像一双为我们注视世界的眼睛，因为他们报道着世界上最重要的消息。分析可知，空后为人称代词宾格形式，所填空应是介词，根据句意可知，此处应用介词for“为了”。故填for。
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