英语知识点积累课件
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英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主动是动作的执行者，叫做主动语态；主语是动作的承受者，叫做被动语态。
Many people use computers. 许多人使用电脑。
Computers are used by many people. 电脑被许多人使用。
被动语态的基本结构是“be+及物动词的过去分词”（be + done）。Be有人称，数和时态的变化。
一般现在时的被动语态结构：主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词。
一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化：
（1）肯定句：主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词。
如：Cars are made by them. 汽车是由他们制造的。
（2）否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词。
如：Cars are not made by them. 汽车不是由他们制造的。
（3）一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+not+主语+及物动词的过去分词？
如：Are cars made by them? 汽车是由他们制造的吗？主动语态变成被动语态的三步曲：
（1）将主动结构的宾语变成被动结构的主语（宾语若为人称代词，宾格变成主格）。
（2）将主动结构的谓语动词变成“be+及物动词的过去分词”形式（注意人称，时态和数的变化）。
（3）在动词的过去分词之后加介词by，再将主动结构中的主语放在by之后（若为人称代词，主格变成宾格）。
没有被动语态的词：不及物动词是没有被动语态。初中常见的词有：happen，take place，rise，come等；一般系动词也没有被动语态。如：feel，turn，taste，sound，smell，get等。
如 The bus comes. （come是不及物动词，不接宾语，不能变被动语态；）
She feels terrible. （此句是主系表结构，也不能变被动语态。）
一般现在时：am / is / are + done
一般过去时：was / were + done
一般将来时：shall / will + be done
一般过去将来时：should / would + be done
现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done
过去进行时：was / were + being + done
现在完成时：have / has + been + done
过去完成时：had + been + done
将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done
过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done( ) 1. Our room must ___ clean.
A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep
( ) 2. -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. ___.
A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold
( ) 3. A new house ___ at the corner of the road.
A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building
( ) 4. The ke 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 据说…… It is said that …
据报导…… It is reported that …
据推测…… It is supposed that …
希望…… It is hoped that …
众所周知…… It is well known that …
普遍认为…… It is generally considered that …
有人建议…… It is suggested that …
人们认为…… It is believed that…[文章尾部最后300字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]请点击下方选择您需要的文档下载。
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