鲁教版八年级下册英语知识点

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〔鲁教版八年级下册英语知识点[1]〕

Unit 1 Have you ever been to an amusement park?一．.重点难点释义1. Me neither=Neither have I . 我也没去过。（1）英语中表示后者与前者情形相同，“也不##”时，常用neither引起的倒装句 Neither+助动词/系动词be/情态动词+主语。eg:--I'm not tall. Neither is she. =She's not tall, either. 我个子不高，她个子也不高。 --They can't cook. Neither can we. =We can't cook, either. 他们不会做饭，我们也不会。（2）如果表示后者与前者情形相同，“也##”常用so引起的倒装句， so+助动词/系动词be/情态动词+主语。eg:--My friends are happy. So am I.=I'm happy, too./I'm also happy. --They will leave by air. So will you. =You will also leave by air. 2 hear, hear of, hear from*hear 为动词，有听见和听说之意。作“听见”解，只强调结果。作为：“听说”解，其后一般跟从句。 **hear of 听说，听到，其后跟名词或从句。--My grandma can't hear very well. --I hear that they miss us very much. --I heard him singing in the next room. --Have you ever heard of Edison? 3. be famous for ,be famous as与be famous to**be famous for 因为##而出名/著名，for后接表示特点、特长的名词，表示人或物闻名的原因 --The village is famous for its green tea．**be famous as 以##身份出名，as后一般接表示职业的名词。 --HanHong is famous as a pop singer.韩红以流行歌曲而闻名。**be famous to 对某人来说是著名的，to后常某某。--The pop singer is famous to the young people. 4 different 不同的。其名词是 difference。 be different from …与。。。不同 :--My ideas is different from yours.我的观点与你的不一样。 5.around作为介词，“ 在##周围，到处，大约eg:--I traveled around the world.我周游了世界。 -It's around/about ten o'clock.大约有10点了。 5.mean 表示“意味着”用来表示人的言论或行为，某一标志或词语的意思所指。 eg:--What do you mean? 你的话是什么意思。-What does this word mean? =What's the meaning of this word?这个词是什么意思？ 6. have problems (in) doing “ 做谋事很费劲”。in在句中可省略，后面接动词+ing形式。problem是可数名词，在句型中作“困难、麻烦”解，这里problems还可以用difficulty或trouble代替，但这两个词在句型中作不可数名词用。eg:--We had some problems getting to the top of mountain. 7. seem “好像、似乎”，其后加形容次。 eg:--He seems unhappy today.他今天好像不高兴。 1）seem to do something.eg:--He seems to be happy. 他好像很高兴 --My mother seemed to know that. 我妈妈好像知道那件事。 4） It seem that +eg:--It seems that he is happy.=He seems (to be) happy 他好像很快乐8. have been a/an+n. 成为一个#&# Jim has been a soldier for 3 years. 9. all the time始终，一直。例如：She is later for work all the time no matter where she works. 10. take different routes走不同的路线 route n.路；路线。例如：We came by a longer route than usual.我们走了一条比通常要长的路来的。 11.has been to#表示“去过某地”，可以和once, twice, never, ever等词连用。 ——Where have you been? 你去哪里了？ ——I have been to the library.12. have/ has gone to# “去了某地”，指说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的路上或已到达某地，因此这个句型通常用第三人称作主语，不能与once, twice never等连用。 —Where is Jim?—He has gone to the library. （去图书馆了）13. awake: adj. 醒着的；wake: v. 醒，叫醒## wake up14. whenever 无论何时 Whenever we see him, we speak to him. 15. almost: 几乎，差不多 Almost all of us have seen the film 16. temperature 温度 take one’s temperature 量体温 17. dark “黄昏，黑暗”，是名词，也可用作形容词。 It’s getting darker and darker. dark 也可指“深色的”。 dark blue/ green 18. population：名词“人口” W hat’s the population of China? The population of China is larger than that of Japan.19. a quarter “一刻钟，1/4”， three quarters 3/4，相当于three fourths.△分数的表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于1时，分母的序数词要用复数形式。例如：1/3： one third, 或a third 2/5： two fifths 6/7： six sevenths 1/2：one half或a half 注意：“某整体的几分之几”作主语时，谓语动词应与分数所修饰的名词一致。例如：1）Three fourths of the water is by me. 3）One half of the students are on the playground. 20. around the world 遍及全世界”，相当于all over the world或者across the world. 21. more than表示“超过，多于”，相当于over22. *It’s fun to do sth. fun为不可数名词，表示“乐事，有趣的事”。It’s fun to fly kites here 二．短语1. 太空博物院 space museum 2. 游乐场 amusement park 3. 水上乐园 water park 6. 呆在某个地方 have been in 7. 既不也不；两者都不 neither # nor #9. 迪斯尼人物 Disney character 10. 主题公园 a theme park11. 当然 of course 12. 过山车 a roller coaster 13. 以┉#为主题 be themed by 14. 四处走动 walk around 16. 迪斯尼巡游 Disney Cruise 17. 兜风 take a ride18. 在船上 on board 21. 空中乘务员 a flight attendant 22. 导游 a tour guide 23. 象##这样的 such as 24. 考虑 think about 25. 胜于，而不是 rather than 26. 在东南亚 in Southeast Asia 27. 度假 take a holiday 28. 在一方面 on the one hand 29. 在另一方面on the other hand 33. 做某事有困难 have some problem （in） doing38. 全年 all year round 34. 不管还是； whether or 35. 夜狩 night safari36. 在白天 during the daytime 37. 在更自然的环境里 in a more natural environment 39. 靠近 be close toUnit 2一、知识点1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。 Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.By: ①通过#..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.②在#..旁边。例：by the window/the door ③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car④在##之前，到##为止。例：by October在10月前 ⑤被例：English is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别：how通常对方式或程度提问，：怎么样如何， what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问：什么， ② How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③ What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. ④ What#think of#? How#like#? ③ What#like about#? How#like#? ④ What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today? ⑤ What to do? How to do it?e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? What do you like about China?=How do you like China?I don’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step? 2?What good / bad weather it is today!=how good the wearher is 2?What a fine / bad day it is today!=how fine the day is 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法 : 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如:She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。5. voice 指人的嗓音也指鸟鸣。 Sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。noise 指噪音、吵闹声 6. find + 宾语 + 宾补（名词形容词介词短语分词等）例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden.We found him in bed. He found the window closed. We found her honest. 7. 常见的系动词有： ①是：am 、is、 are ②保持：keep、 stay③ 转变：bee、 get、 turn ④起来 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound 这些词后面接形容词9. 动词不定式做定语 ①与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to e.②与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with. I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in. 10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词 11. add 补充说又说12. join 加入某团体并成为其中一员 attend 出席参加会议或讲座 join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。 13.all、 both、 always以及every复合词与not连用构成部分否定。其完全否定为：all---none, both---neither, everything---nothing, everybody---nobody.14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth .害怕 be afraid of being alonebe afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 be afraid that 恐怕担心，表示委婉语气 15.either：①放在否定句末表示“也” ②两者中的“任一” ③either#or#或者#或者.#引导主语部分，谓语动词按照就近原则 17.a,an 与序数词连用表示“又一”，“再一”。例：Please give me a second apple. There es a fifth girl. 18.have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing#.. 干#..遇到麻烦，困难19.unless 除非，如果不，等于“if not”本身就表示否定，引导条件状语从句，主句为将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。例：My baby sister doesn’t cry unless she’s hungry. =My baby sister doesn’t cry if she isn’t hungry.Unless you take more care, you’ll have an accident .如果你不多加小心的话，你会出事的。 20.instead: adv. 代替，更换。例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？It will take days by car, so let’s fly instead. Tom was ill, so I went instead.汤姆病了，所以换了我去。 instead of doing sth. 作为某人或某事物的替换例：Let’s play cards instead of watching TV. We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes. 21.spoken 口头的，口语的。spoken English 口头英语 speaking 讲话的，说某种语言的。Speaking skills讲英语的能力 22. 提建议的句子：①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping? ③ Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④ Let’s + do sth. 如： Let’s go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 23. a lot 许多常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。24. too#to 太#而不能常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I’m too tired to say anything. 25. not #at all 一点也不根本不如：I like milk very much. I don’t like coffee at all. not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 26.be /get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 对#感兴奋如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去XX感到兴奋。 27. ① end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ② end up with sth. 以#结束如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 28. first of all 首先 to begin with 一开始 later 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。确 16.practise speaking English 练习说英语 17.first of all 首先 18.begin with 以#开始 19.later on 随后 20.in class 在课堂上 21.laught at 嘲笑 22.take notes 记笔记23.enjoy doing 喜欢干# 24.write down 写下，记下 25.look up (v + adv) 查找，查询 27.make up 编造，虚构，化妆，打扮 28.around the world 全世界 29.deal with 对待，处理，解决30.worry about (be worried about) 担心，担忧31.be angry with 生某人的气 32.stay angry 生气 35.plain about/of 抱怨36. change#into# 把#变成# （= turn into） 39.think of (think about) 想起，想到40.physical problems 身体上的问题 41.break off 中断，突然终止

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