宾语从句巩固练习
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宾语从句（Object Clause）
一、概念
1. 宾语。宾语表示动作行为的对象，一般跟在及物动词、介词之后。
① We like English . （动词后面的宾语）
主语 谓语(vt.) 宾语
② He gave me some ink . （动词后面的宾语）
主 vt. 间接宾语 直接宾语
→He gave some ink to me .
主 vt. 直接宾语 间接宾语
③ The book is about computers. （介词后面的宾语）
主语 介词 宾语
④ Don’t hide behind others. （介词后面的宾语）
介词 宾语
2. 宾语从句。在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。其结构为：主句+连词+宾语从句。
⑴ 动词后面的宾语从句。
① He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.
主 谓语 宾语 连词 宾语（从句）
② I want to know what he has told you.
主 谓语 连词 宾语（从句）
【活学活用】翻译
① 谁都知道成功来自努力。Everyone knows __________________________________
② 我相信他们不会再迟到了。I don’t believe _________________________________
⑵ 介词后面的宾语从句
① We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
介词 连词 宾语（从句）
② The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
介词 连词 宾语（从句）
【活学活用】翻译
① 对于周末是否应该上学，不同学生有不同的看法。
Different students have different opinions on _______________________________
② 这本书是关于我们如何使用电脑的。The book is about _____________________
⑶ 形容词后面的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised等。
① I am sure that I will pass the exam. 我确信我会通过考试.
adj. 连词 宾语（从句）
② I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
adj. 连词 宾语（从句）
【活学活用】翻译
① 他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
He was happy ______________________________________________when he was ill.
② 我感到很抱歉昨天没能帮助你。I am sorry __________________________________.
二、注意事项
1. 引导词。
⑴ 引导陈述句用引导词that (无意义，可以省略)。（当从句表事实时，用that）
I know (that) he is a teacher.
I hear (that) he will come back in a month.
【活学活用】翻译
① 我认为我们应当充分利用好时间。I think ______________________________________
② 我相信他今天晚上会来参加晚会的。I believe __________________________________
⑵ 引导一般疑问句用引导词if / whether，表 “是否”。（当从句表疑问时，用whether/if）
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车。
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试。
【活学活用】翻译
① 我不知道他是否是我们的新老师。I don’t know ________________________________
② 她疑惑（想知道）昨晚是否下过雨了。She wondered ______________________________
③ 我不敢肯定他今晚是否会帮忙。 I am not sure__________________________________
⑶ 引导特殊疑问句用本来的特殊疑问词（what/who/when/where/which等）。
① I don’t know whom you should depend on. 我不知道你该依靠谁。
② He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。
【活学活用】翻译
① 老师不知道他为什么总是上学迟到。The teacher doesn’t know ____________________
② 你可以告诉我怎么使用电脑吗？Could you tell me ______________________________
2. 时态。
⑴ 当主句为现在时或将来时，宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响。
① She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. （从句是一般现在时）
② She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. （从句是一般将来时）
③ She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. （从句是现在完成时）
⑵ 当主句为一般过去时，宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
① He said that there were no classes yesterday afternoon. (从句是一般过去时）
② He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. （从句是过去将来时）
③ He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.（从句是过去进行时）
【活学活用】翻译
① 他说他将在大连度假。He said __________________________________________
② 他问我今晚是否会来。He asked _________________________________________
注意：如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说过地球围绕太阳转。
He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。
【活学活用】翻译
① 老师曾经说过世上无难事，只怕有心人（有志者，事竟成。）。
The teacher once said _____________________________________________
② 老师昨天告诉我月亮每天围绕地球转一圈。
Yesterday, the teacher told us ______________________________________
3. 语序。宾语从句一律要用陈述句语序。
① He asked, “When will Lucy go to Wuhan?”
→He asked when Lucy would go to Wuhan.
② Tom asked, “Will there be a meeting in September?”
→Tom asked whether there would be a meeting in September.
【活学活用】把直接引语变为间接引语（宾语从句）。
① Mum asked, “Who is knocking at the door so loudly?”
→Mum asked ___________________________________
② Mary asked, “Does Jim still study in that school?”
→Mary asked _______________________________________________
4. 可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
⑴ 动词find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。
① I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together. 我感觉非常遗憾的是没去聚会。
② I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯。
【活学活用】翻译
① 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。I think it _____________________________________
② 我们都认为学好英语很重要。I think it _________________________________________
⑵ 有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it。这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to等。
① I hate it when they with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
② When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
5. 宾语从句的否定转移。
主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来。
① I don’t think he will come to my party. 我认为他不会来我的舞会。
② I don’t believe Li Ming has done so? 我认为那李明不做这事的。
【活学活用】翻译
① 我认为天不会下雨。_____________________________________________
② 我相信他不会来晚。_____________________________________________
6. 当主句谓语动词是他think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等动词后接宾语从句时，当主句主语为第一人称时，后面若接附加疑问句，那么附加疑问句的主语、谓语应与从句中的主谓语保持一致，主句是其他人称则和主句的主谓保持一致。如：
① I don't think he looks like his father, does he?
② She believes that it is going to rain, doesn’t she?
【活学活用】
① I don’t suppose you will be back soon, ______ ______?
② They don’t believe that you will make rapid progress in your English, ______ ______?
7. 宾语从句中，一些含有假设、猜想、建议、愿望等意思的动词动词demand, suggest, order, insist, propose等后面的宾语从句中常使用虚拟语气（should+原形动词，should往往可以省略）。
① I suggested that he (should) study harder. 我建议他用功一些。
② I insisted that he (should) go. 我强调他应当去。
★注意：
⑴ 注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，暗示”时，其后的从句中不用虚拟语气。例如：
① The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
他的表情暗示出他对我为他所做的事非常满意。
② He insisted that he was honest. 他坚持认为自己是诚实的。
【活学活用】翻译
① He suggested that we_________(leave) early because the expression on his father’s face suggested that he __________(be)happy.
② 他坚持说他没有错，我们不应该责备他。
He insisted that he ________ (be) wrong and that he __________(leave) right now.
⑵ wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，根据意思分别用现在虚拟式，过去虚拟式和将来虚拟式。
① I wish I could fly. 我希望我能飞。（现在虚拟式）
② I wish I had known it before. 我希望以前就对此事有所了解。（过去虚拟式）
③ I wish you would stay a little longer. 我真希望你能多呆一会。（将来虚拟式）
【巩固练习】
Ⅰ. 用合适的连接词填空
1. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.
2. She wanted to know _______ her coat would be ready the next day.
3. He always thinks ______ he can do better.
4. I was really surprised at ______ I saw.
5. I don't know ______ so many people crowding round him
6. Do you know ______ shirt it is?
7. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _______should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.
8. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have _______ we have here and treat food nicely.
9. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.
10. We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.
11. —Have you finished the book?
--No, I’ve read up to_________ the children discover the secret cave.
12. Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.
13. How much one enjoys himself traveling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.
Ⅱ. 句型转换
1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.（改为宾语从句）
→Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.
2. What does he do? Do you know? （改为宾语从句）
→Do you know _______ he _______?
3. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.（改为宾语从句）
→He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.
4. Was the wat 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 ___ _________ ________ _______ buy.
8. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句）
→I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.
三、合并句子。将下面各题中的句子合并为一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。
1. You have done an excellent job. I’m much pleased to see it.
2. How should we use the computer? Our teacher gave us some advice
3. We should not overuse our eyes and do more outdoor exercises. He suggested it.
4. We should work hard in order to go to a famous university. The teacher often tells us it.
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